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A significant threat among the developing countries towards health and development in the current era is attributed by non-communicable diseases. These diseases contribute to major portion of morbidity and mortality globally. It has been predicted that with such an alarming rise in these cases, NCDs will ex-ceed communicable, maternal, perinatal, and nutritional disease as the common causes of death by 2030. Without any action towards this menace the burden of these diseases will continue to escalate over-whelming our capacity to address them. Metropolitan drivers are a group of people who spend their ma-jority of time in a polluted, noisy and a dangerous workplace. With the very few data on the predisposing risk factors among this population, this review helps us identifying such factors among the drivers which can help in formulating new policies and improve their health.
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Background: Hypertension is one of the diseases of occupational origin. The percentage of hypertensive increases when selected occupational groups are screened. Transport personnel are one such group who are at risk of developing hypertension due to the nature of their profession. Objective: To study the prevalence of hypertension and socio demographic risk factors for hypertension among bus drivers and conductors of NEKRTC, Raichur division. Methods: A cross sectional study comprising of 360 bus drivers and 338 bus conductors was undertak-en in two NEKRTC depots of Raichur division, Raichur. Data was collected by interviewing study subjects and by physical examination and analyzed using percentages and Chi square test. Results: Prevalence of hypertension among bus drivers and conductors was found to be 25.3% and 19.8% respectively. Socio demographic factors like age, marital status, type of family, socioeconomic sta-tus was significantly associated with hypertension in bus drivers while in conductors only age and mari-tal status were significantly associated with hypertension. Conclusion and recommendations: Prevalence of hypertension is higher in bus drivers and conduc-tors, thus periodic screening and monitoring of blood pressure in these transport personnel along with provision of preventive and curative services to them at the earliest will be an effective strategy.
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Background: Hypertension being a disease of occupational origin, its prevalence is found to be high among those who work in a few selected occupational groups. Road transport professionals are one such group and due to their work needs, they tend to adapt to the lifestyle which makes them more vulnerable to developing such diseases in long run. Objective: To identify behavioural and psychosocial risk factors for hypertension among bus drivers and conductors of NEKRTC, Raichur division. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was carried out in two NEKRTC depots of Raichur division, Raichur. A total of 360 bus drivers and 338 conductors were interviewed. Data collection was done by interviewing bus drivers and conductors and by physical examination and analyzed using percentages and chi square test. Results: The risk factors found to be significantly associated with hypertension in bus drivers and conductors were tobacco smoking, use of smokeless tobacco, alcohol consumption, duration of service, Body Mass Index and Waist Hip Ratio. Conclusion and recommendations: Considering the association of hypertension with various risk factors in bus drivers and conductors, preventive measures like lifestyle modifications and regular high-risk screening program for early diagnosis needs to be promoted in them.
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ObjectiveTo analyze the effect of working conditions on the occurrence and development of chronic diseases in bus drivers in Hefei. MethodsA total of 380 bus drivers were selected by convenient sampling method. Their basic information， working intensity， working environment， working habits， living habits and physical health were investigated. ResultsThe three most common occupational-related diseases were： 1） anxiety and depression caused by work environment such as noise and traffic jam （70.79%， 269/380）； 2） dry eyes， eye fatigue， blurred vision and so on （65.53%， 249/380）； 3） cervical and lumbar pain （63.16%， 240/380）. Gastrointestinal dysfunction （irritable bowel syndrome related symptoms） occurred in 42.37% （161/380） of the drivers and 45.53% （173/380） had suffered from hemorrhoids or anal fissure. Drivers with long-term suffocation were more likely to suffer from urinary tract infection （χ 2=22.330， P<0.001）. The rate of subjective eye discomfort was higher in the drivers with long working hours （χ 2=11.682， P<0.01）， and the rate of leg swelling was higher in the drivers with frequent driving without rest （χ 2=16.642， P<0.05）. There was a significant difference in the rate of anxiety and depression between the divers with different sleep duration （χ 2=17.379，P<0.001）. Results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the incidence of anxiety and depression was higher in drivers with longer working hours. In comparison with the group of over 6 working hours， the rate increased to 4.080 times in the group of over 8 working hours， 2.583 times in the group of over 10 working hours， and 2.484 times in the group of over 12 working hours， respectively. Occasional and frequent non-stop working drivers were 4.302 and 4.828 times， respectively， more likely to be anxious or depressed. Logistic regression analysis also showed that the incidence of gastrointestinal dysfunction （irritable bowel syndrome related symptoms） in drivers with anxiety and depression was 3.792 times higher than that in drivers without anxiety and depression （OR=3.792， 95% CI 2.384 to 6.029， P<0.001）. ConclusionSome working environment， excessive working intensity， poor living and working habits， and mental problems are closely related to the occurrence and development of chronic diseases in bus drivers.
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ObjectiveTo analyze the effect of working conditions on the occurrence and development of chronic diseases in bus drivers in Hefei. MethodsA total of 380 bus drivers were selected by convenient sampling method. Their basic information， working intensity， working environment， working habits， living habits and physical health were investigated. ResultsThe three most common occupational-related diseases were： 1） anxiety and depression caused by work environment such as noise and traffic jam （70.79%， 269/380）； 2） dry eyes， eye fatigue， blurred vision and so on （65.53%， 249/380）； 3） cervical and lumbar pain （63.16%， 240/380）. Gastrointestinal dysfunction （irritable bowel syndrome related symptoms） occurred in 42.37% （161/380） of the drivers and 45.53% （173/380） had suffered from hemorrhoids or anal fissure. Drivers with long-term suffocation were more likely to suffer from urinary tract infection （χ 2=22.330， P<0.001）. The rate of subjective eye discomfort was higher in the drivers with long working hours （χ 2=11.682， P<0.01）， and the rate of leg swelling was higher in the drivers with frequent driving without rest （χ 2=16.642， P<0.05）. There was a significant difference in the rate of anxiety and depression between the divers with different sleep duration （χ 2=17.379，P<0.001）. Results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the incidence of anxiety and depression was higher in drivers with longer working hours. In comparison with the group of over 6 working hours， the rate increased to 4.080 times in the group of over 8 working hours， 2.583 times in the group of over 10 working hours， and 2.484 times in the group of over 12 working hours， respectively. Occasional and frequent non-stop working drivers were 4.302 and 4.828 times， respectively， more likely to be anxious or depressed. Logistic regression analysis also showed that the incidence of gastrointestinal dysfunction （irritable bowel syndrome related symptoms） in drivers with anxiety and depression was 3.792 times higher than that in drivers without anxiety and depression （OR=3.792， 95% CI 2.384 to 6.029， P<0.001）. ConclusionSome working environment， excessive working intensity， poor living and working habits， and mental problems are closely related to the occurrence and development of chronic diseases in bus drivers.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the mediating effect of mental health on job burnout and aggressive driving behavior in bus drivers. METHODS: A total of 447 bus drivers was selected as study subjects using a convenience sampling method. The status of job burnout, mental health and aggressive driving behaviors were investigated using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey, Symptom Check List 90, and the Aggressive Driving Questionnaire. RESULTS: The score of aggressive driving behaviors of bus drivers were positively correlated with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment dimension score and mental health total score[Spearman correlation coefficient(r_S)=0.23, 0.27, 0.15, 0.34, all P<0.01]. The mental health total score was positively correlated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization dimensions scores(r_S=0.46, 0.47, all P<0.01), and not correlated with personal accomplishment dimension score(r_S=-0.04, P>0.05). Emotional exhaustion can affect aggressive driving behaviors through mental health, and the standardized mediating value was 0.16, accounting for 72.7% of the total effect. Depersonalization can influence aggressive driving behaviors through mental health, and the standardized mediating value was 0.17, accounting for 70.8% of the total effect. CONCLUSION: Mental health plays a mediating role in emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and aggressive driving behavior of bus drivers.
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@#During the coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) outbreak, the transportation industries are faced with the more burdensome tasks of outbreak prevention and control as well as ensuring smooth transportation. It is important to organize transportation in order to restore the order of production and life, ensure the normal economic and social operation, and control the outbreak in the whole society. From the perspective of health, this guideline puts forward technical requirements on the operation management, personnel requirements and health protection of passenger transportation places such as aviation, railway, subway, bus, taxi, ship, etc., which reduces the impact of the NCP outbreak on the transportation industry and personal health risks.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the mediating effect of coping styles on aggressive behavior against bus drivers and their mental health status. METHODS: A total of 447 bus drivers were selected as the research objects using the method of judgment sampling. The aggressive behavior, mental health status and coping style of bus drivers were investigated using the Questionnaire of Aggressive Behaviors Against Bus Drivers, Symptom-Checklist 90 and Questionnaire of Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire. RESULTS: The median scores of aggressive behavior against bus drivers, positive coping style, negative coping style and mental health status were 50.0, 22.0, 10.0 and 125.0, respectively. Aggressive behavior against bus drivers and negative coping style were positively correlated with mental health status [Spearman correlation coefficient(r_S) were 0.27 and 0.42, respectively, P<0.01]. Positive coping style was not correlated with mental health status(r_S=-0.08, P>0.05). The total effect of aggressive behavior against bus drivers on their mental health status was 0.30. The mediating role of negative coping styles on aggressive behavior against bus drivers and their mental health status was 0.10, accounting for 33.1% of the total effect. CONCLUSION: Negative coping styles play a partial mediating role on the impact of aggressive behavior against bus drivers′ mental health status.
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O assédio moral e o sofrimento psíquico estão presentes na profissão do motorista pela tipicidade da atividade: exigências e cobranças de seus superiores, violência urbana, relação com os passageiros, o trânsito e a organização urbana de um modo geral. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar qual é o efeito do assédio moral sobre os sofrimentos psíquicos adquiridos pelos motoristas de transportes urbanos na cidade de Natal/Rio Grande do Norte (RN). Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e exploratório, tendo como público alvo os motoristas vinculados ao Sindicato dos Transportes Rodoviários do RN (SINTRO/RN). Foram entrevistados 161 motoristas, utilizando o Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) e o Negative Acts Questionnaire, versão revisada (NAQ-R), além de questionário socioprofissional. Os resultados apontam que o assédio moral no trabalho causa o sofrimento psíquico e é causa direta dos transtornos mentais comuns (TMC) nos motoristas. Deste modo, este levantamento realizado permitiu conclusões estatísticas sobre o cotidiano dos motoristas de ônibus do Natal-RN, servindo como direcionamento de ações no âmbito das políticas públicas a fim de fomentar intervenções de promoção e prevenção à saúde, adjacentes aos atores do campo da saúde do trabalhador, bem como, sindicatos, serviços de saúde especializados (CEREST) e Ministério Público.
Psychological harassment and psychological suffering are present in the driver's profession due to the typical activity: demands and charges from his superiors, urban violence, relation with passengers, traffic and urban organization in general. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of bullying on psychic suffering acquired by urban transport drivers in the city of Natal/Rio Grande do Norte (RN). For that, a quantitative, descriptive and exploratory study was carried out, with the target audience being the drivers linked to the Road Transport Union of the RN (SINTRO/RN). A total of 161 drivers were interviewed, using the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and the Negative Acts Questionnaire, revised version (NAQ-R), as well as a socio-professional questionnaire. The results point out that work place bullying causes psychic suffering and is a direct cause of common mental disorders (CMD) in motorists. Thus, this survey allowed statistical conclusions about the daily routine of the bus drivers of Natal, serving as a guide for actions in the scope of public policies in order to promote heal the promotion and prevention interventions adjacent to the actor in the field of worker health, as well as trade unions, specialized health services and public prosecutors
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Transportation , Mental Disorders , Stress, Psychological , BullyingABSTRACT
During COVID-19 outbreak, the transportation industries are faced with the more burdensome tasks of outbreak prevention and control as well as ensuring smooth transportation. It is important to organize transportation in order to restore the order of production and life, ensure the normal economic and social operation, and control the outbreak in the whole society. From the perspective of health, this guideline puts forward technical requirements on the operation management, personnel requirements and health protection of passenger transportation places such as aviation, railway, subway, bus, taxi, ship, etc., which reduces the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the transportation industry and personal health risks.
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@#Public transportation is one of the most important services in supporting the smooth running of community activities in cities where people most commonly use a bus to reach a destination. Consequently, it requires a clear travel route so passengers find it easy to go on a trip. Display is a device for providing information. However, the existing display receives some complaints where more than 60% of passenger experience difficulty in reading what is shown, taking more time for them to understand the information. It is evidence that the device is not effective and efficient to use. Thus, development of a new display is crucial. The purpose of this study was to design an innovative display that is more ergonomic in displaying bus route information. Survey was conducted to identify user requirement. Axiomatic design method was applied to determine the design parameters of the display by mapping process from customer attribute and functional requirement on the basis of the ergonomic principles. Statistical analysis was conducted to test hypothesis. The result of this study showed that the display developed is valid to meet customer criteria at 5% of significant level, covering the criteria of being informative (0.144), comfortable (0.063), digitalized (0.070), and easy to access (0.378). Thus, it is more effective and efficient for passengers to gain any information needed.
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During the coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) outbreak, the transportation industries are faced with the more burdensome tasks of outbreak prevention and control as well as ensuring smooth transportation. It is important to organize transportation in order to restore the order of production and life, ensure the normal economic and social operation, and control the outbreak in the whole society. From the perspective of health, this guideline puts forward technical requirements on the operation management, personnel requirements and health protection of passenger transportation places such as aviation, railway, subway, bus, taxi, ship, etc., which reduces the impact of the NCP outbreak on the transportation industry and personal health risks.
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Este estudio se realizó con el fin de conocer si la carga mental y el ambiente físico tienen una valoración diferente a la carga física en los conductores de buses urbanos de pasajeros. Igualmente, el estudio permitió conocer realidades laborales en un contexto productivo, con el fin de velar por el cumplimiento de la normativa laboral y asegurar la debida protección de los trabajadores. Para esta investigación se utilizó el método LEST, el cual permitió evaluar las condiciones de trabajo de la forma más objetiva y global posible, al mostrar cada una de las situaciones consideradas en el puesto como satisfactoria, molesta o nociva. Para comprobar las condiciones de trabajo, se evaluaron 16 variables agrupadas en cinco dimensiones: entorno físico, carga física, carga mental, aspectos psicosociales y tiempo de trabajo. Se concluye que las variables que requieren de mayor atención son el ambiente físico, la carga mental y el tiempo de trabajo.
The purpose of this study was to know if the mental burden and the physical environment have a different value from the physical burden in bus drivers in the city. Likewise, the study allowed us to know about their work realities in a productive context, in order to ensure compliance with work laws and with the protection of workers. We used the LEST method, which allowed us to evaluate work condi- tions as objectively and globally as possible, by showing each one of the situations at the workplace as either satisfactory, disturbing or harmful. Thus, 16 variables were evaluated and they were groupd in 5 dimensions: physical setting, physical burden, mental burden, psychosocial aspects and time of work. We concluced that the variables that require more attention are physical setting, mental burden and time of work.
Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de verificar se a carga mental e o ambiente físico têm um valor diferente ao da carga física nos motoristas de ônibus urbanos de passageiros. Além disso, permitiu conhecer realidades no ámbito profissional em um contexto produtivo, a fim de zelar pelo cumprimento da lei trabalhista e garantir a devida proteção dos trabalhadores. Para esta pesquisa, foi utilizado o método LEST, que permitiu avaliar as condições de trabalho da forma mais objetiva e global possível, ao mostrar cada uma das situaçõs consideradas no posto como satisfatória, incômoda ou nociva. Para comprovar as condições de trabalho, foram avaliadas 16 variáveis, agrupadas em cinco dimensões: ambiente físico, carga física, carga mental, aspectos psicossociais e tempo de trabalho. Conclui-se que as variáveis que exigem mais atenção são o ambiente físico, a carga mental e o tempo de trabalho.
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RESUMO O setor de transportes é responsável por uma parcela das emissões globais de dióxido de carbono (CO2). Os estudos científicos publicados sobre emissões de CO2 pelos sistemas de transportes de passageiros tratam basicamente de resultados envolvendo apenas as emissões relacionadas ao consumo dos combustíveis dos automóveis e ônibus. Nos metrôs, geralmente são consideradas as emissões relacionadas à geração da energia elétrica necessária para prover a força de tração dos trens. Não foram identificadas publicações específicas ou padronizadas sobre outras abordagens de cálculos das emissões pelos metrôs. Com isso, este estudo visa fornecer uma contribuição científica no estudo geral das emissões de CO2 pelos metrôs, definindo conceitualmente cinco abordagens de cálculos e realizando uma análise comparativa dos resultados das emissões de CO2 por automóveis, ônibus e metrôs. O resultado desta pesquisa permitiu quantificar a real contribuição dos metrôs quanto à redução das emissões totais do setor de transportes. Na abordagem da energia de tração dos trens, concluiu-se que os Metrôs de São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro emitem 63,5 vezes menos do que os automóveis e 8 vezes menos do que os ônibus.
ABSTRACT The transportation sector is responsible for a portion of the global emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2). Scientific studies published on CO2 emissions by passenger transport systems treat basically results involving only the emissions related to fuel consumption of cars and buses. As for subways, usually emissions related to the generation of electrical energy needed to provide the traction force of the trains are considered. No specific or standardized publications on other approaches to calculate emissions for subways were identified. Thus, this study aims to provide a scientific contribution to the general study of CO2 emissions by subways, conceptually defining five approaches of calculations and conducting a comparative analysis of CO2 emissions by cars, buses and subways. The result of this research allowed to quantify the actual contribution of subways on the reduction of total emissions from the transportation sector. In the traction power of trains approach, it was concluded that the subways of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro emit 63.5 times less than cars and 8 times less than buses.
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BACKGROUND@#Noise pollution is one of the most important occupational pollutants in heavy-vehicle drivers. Therefore, this epidemiological research was conducted with the aim of determining the prevalence of hearing loss in heavy-vehicle drivers in Iran.@*METHODS@#This cross-sectional research was conducted on 65,533 heavy-vehicle drivers including truck and intercity bus drivers from February 2006 to March 2016. The air and bone threshold of pure tone was measured for each ear at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 kHz by a skillful radiology expert. The obtained data from this research was analyzed in SPSS software using statistical tests such as descriptive analysis and paired t test.@*RESULTS@#Mean (standard deviation) of hearing loss in left and right ears of all people was 23.02 (8.25) and 22.48 (7.86), respectively. Paired t test showed that hearing loss difference in left and right ears was significant (P < 0.001). Mean and standard deviation of paired t test showed that hearing loss difference in left and right ears was significant in all frequencies except 1000 Hz (P < 0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#The findings of this research generally showed that 26.8% of the studied drivers have hearing loss. Hearing loss in the left ear was more than right ear.
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BACKGROUND: Bus drivers are known to be highly at risk of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we assessed the cardiovascular disease prevalence of bus company employees in Seoul, South Korea, and compared the results to those of general workers. METHODS: We analyzed the 2014 Korean National Health Insurance (NHI) data and defined hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, ischemic heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease based on the KCD-6 medical diagnoses. We used bus company employees as surrogate participants of bus drivers due to the characteristics of Korean NHI data. We identified bus company employees in Seoul based on one’s workplace which the insurance is registered. The prevalence of five diseases was compared between the bus company employees and general workers. We also calculated the odds ratios (OR) of five diseases between the bus company employees and general workers. To compensate the vast demographical differences between the two groups, we performed propensity score matching. RESULTS: Bus company employees have higher OR for having hypertension (OR 1.33, 95% CI: 1.28–1.39), diabetes mellitus (1.14, 95% CI: 1.08–1.22), and dyslipidemia (1.23, 95% CI: 1.17–1.29) than the general workers or propensity score matched controls. However, the OR of having ischemic heart disease were not significant. The OR of cerebrovascular disease were lower in bus company employees than in the general workers after adjusting the covariates, but similar in the propensity score matched model. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the ORs of cardiovascular disease risk factors are high in bus company employees when compared to the general working population. Further studies with the longitudinal design should be conducted to confirm the causal association.
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Cardiovascular Diseases , Cerebrovascular Disorders , Diabetes Mellitus , Diagnosis , Dyslipidemias , Hypertension , Insurance , Korea , Myocardial Ischemia , National Health Programs , Odds Ratio , Prevalence , Propensity Score , Risk Factors , SeoulABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the relationship among emotional intelligence,emotional labor and job satisfaction.Methods:Totally 257 bus drivers [158 males and 99 females,aged 17 to 50 years,mean age (32 ± 7)years] in Jinan were surveyed with the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS),the Emotional Labor Scale (ELS) and the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ).Bootstrap was used to test the mediating effect.Results:The scores of EIS and ELS were both positively correlated with the MSQ scores (r =0.28,0.23,Ps ＜0.01) in the bus drivers.The surface acting (SA) scores were negatively correlated with the MSQ scores (r =-0.18,P ＜ 0.01),and the deep acting (DA) score were positively correlated with the MSQ scores (r =0.40,P ＜ 0.01).Mediating effect test showed that the indirect effect of surface acting was 0.07 (95％ CI:0.01-0.16),and the indirect effect of deep acting was 0.10 (95％ CI:0.03-0.21).Correspondingly,the direct effect of emotional intelligence on job satisfaction respectively was 0.35 (95％ CI:0.20-0.58) and 0.33 (95％ CI:0.12-0.53).Conclusion:These findings support that the bus drivers with higher emotional intelligence may be more satisfied with their job.Emotional intelligence is found to indirectly influence job satisfaction through surface acting and deep acting,and it may affect the bus drivers more effectively choose and use emotion regulation strategies.
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Objective To explore the effective management of emergency treatment in emergencies in new media era.Methods Collecting and analyzing related information of blood donation in Hangzhou "7·21" explosion accident,"7·5" bus arson incident and Wenchuan "5·12" earthquake were carried out,after the media reports.Results The speed of blood donation of Hangzhou citizens in response to the "7·21" Hangzhou explosion in new media was faster than that in the traditional media coverage of the "7·5" bus arson incident and Wenchuan "5·12" earthquake lagged for 24 hours to 48 hours,respectively;During the event,the proportion of blood donors who donated 400 ml of blood was significantly lower than that of normal working days (P ＜0.05),while the proportion of blood donors who donated 300 ml of blood was significant increased (P ＜0.05) only during the "7·21" explosion accident.Conclusions In response to the emergencies of the new media era,the blood collection institutions should take full advantage of the golden 4 hours through the systematic planning of the whole platform such as public opinion monitoring,public opinion,organization and management,personnel deployment and material security.
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Os efeitos do ofício de dirigir ônibus para a saúde dos condutores desses veículos têm sido investigados em estudos de abrangência nacional. Para contribuir no aprofundamento desse objeto de estudo, realizamos uma revisão de pesquisas nacionais sobre esse ofício, objetivando investigar processos de saúde-doença e subjetivação, delimitando as buscas entre 2000 a 2012, mediante verificação temática. Da análise das publicações configuramos dois eixos de análise: os efeitos desse ofício na saúde dos motoristas de ônibus e as condições e organização desse trabalho. A pesquisa foi realizada sob a abordagem teórica da Ergonomia da Atividade francófona e orientada pela perspectiva da Ergologia. As dimensões físicas da saúde são mais pesquisadas que as psicológicas. Concluímos que, a despeito de se investigar a saúde de trabalhadores, suas condições de trabalho e sua atividade não são suficientemente consideradas: propomos caminhos para novos estudos, sobretudo, referentes à atividade do trabalho, abordando-a, inclusive, em sua positividade (AU)
The effects of driving buses craft to the health of drivers have been investigated in nationwide Brazilian studies. To deepen of this object of study, we conducted a review of Brazilian researches on this profession, to investigate the health-disease and subjectivation processes, from 2000 to 2012 by thematic verification. From this research, we draw two analysis axes: the effects of this profession on health of bus drivers and its conditions and organization. The survey was conducted under theoretical approach of Ergonomics of Francophone activity and it was also guided by the prospect of Ergology. Physical dimensions of health are more researched than psychological ones. We conclude that, in spite of investigating the health of workers, their working conditions and activity are not sufficiently considered: we propose ways to new studies, especially regarding work activity, approaching including its positivity (AU)
Los efectos del trabajo de conducción de autobuses para la salud de sus conductores se han investigados en estudios brasileños. Para profundizar el estudio, realizamos una revisión de pesquisas brasileñas sobre este oficio, para investigar procesos de saludenfermedad y subjetivación, desde 2000 a 2012, por verificación temática, llegando a dos ángulos: los efectos de esa actividad sobre la salud de eses trabajadores y las condiciones y organización del trabajo. La encuesta se basó en el enfoque teórico de la Ergonomía, de la Actividad de habla francesa y fue guiada por la perspectiva de la Ergología. Las dimensiones físicas de salud son más investigadas que las psicológicas. Concluimos que, aunque la investigación sobre la salud de los trabajadores, sus condiciones de trabajo y actividad no están suficientemente consideradas: proponemos nuevos estudios, especialmente sobre actividad laboral, incluyendo su positividad (AU).
Subject(s)
Automobile Driving , Mental Health , TransportationABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the relationship between bus drivers' personality characteristics with driving experience and to provide reference for safe driving. Methods A total of 158 bus drivers who work for one year and above were extracted by random sampling from a bus company in Ningbo during March 2016 to May 2016. The survey was carried out by 16 personality factor questionnaire (16PF), and compared with the national norm. Results The subjects were male, and average age was 39.24±6.78. The average bus driving year was 15.54±6.66 and mainly with high school education (62.66%) . The scores of agreeableness (9.21±3.18), intelligence (8.12±1.81), excitability (9.60± 3.26), excitement (10.84±4.59), suspicion (8.94±2.87), introversion (9.01±2.60), experiment (10.18±2.52) and independence (10.51±3.13) of the subjects were significantly lower than the national norm (P<0.05) . The scores of sensitivity (10.67±2.72), anxiety (9.60±3.78) and the self-discipline (13.30±2.42) were significantly higher than the national norm (P<0.05) . And 54.43% of bus drivers have high score in eight sub-personality analysis of mental health factors and 67.09% of them have low score in professional achievement factor. The analysis of personality characteristics of bus drivers with different bus driving experiences showed that the highest stability score was in 16 bus driving years and above, and the highest anxiety score was in 6~ <11 bus driving years and the highest tension and anxiety score were in 11 ~ <16 bus driving years (P <0.05) . Conclusion Bus drivers show special professional personality traits, and some characteristics will be strengthened and weakened with the growth of bus driving experience. It is necessary to carry out special training for the bus drivers with different bus driving experience, especially about dealing with various types of accident risk for new bus driver timely and psychological counseling for old bus driver regularly.